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Labor Day in the United States is a public holiday celebrated on the first Monday in September. It honors the American labor movement and the contributions that workers have made to the strength, prosperity, and well-being of the country. It is the Monday of the long weekend known as Labor Day Weekend and it is considered the unofficial end of summer. Beginning in the late 19th century, as the trade union and labor movements grew, trade unionists proposed that a day be set aside to celebrate labor. "Labor Day" was promoted by the Central Labor Union and the Knights of Labor, which organized the first parade in New York City. In 1887, Oregon was the first state of the United States to make it an official public holiday. By the time it became an official federal holiday in 1894, thirty U.S. states officially celebrated Labor Day.〔 Canada's Labour Day is also celebrated on the first Monday of September. More than 80 countries celebrate International Workers' Day on May 1 – the ancient European holiday of May Day – and several countries have chosen their own dates for Labour Day. ==History== Beginning in the late 19th century, as the trade union and labor movements grew, a variety of days were chosen by trade unionists as a day to celebrate labor. In the United States and Canada, a September holiday, called Labor or Labour Day, was first proposed in the 1880s. In 1882, Matthew Maguire, a machinist, first proposed a Labor Day holiday while serving as secretary of the Central Labor Union (CLU) of New York.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=United States Department of Labor: The History of Labor Day )〕 Others argue that it was first proposed by Peter J. McGuire of the American Federation of Labor in May 1882, after witnessing the annual labour festival held in Toronto, Canada.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Canadian Encyclopedia: Origins of Labour Day )〕 In 1887, Oregon was the first state of the United States to make it an official public holiday. By the time it became an official federal holiday in 1894, thirty U.S. states officially celebrated Labor Day.〔 Thus by 1887 in North America, Labor Day was an established, official holiday.〔(Knights of Labor ). Progressive Historians (3 September 2007).〕 Following the deaths of workers at the hands of United States Army and United States Marshals Service during the Pullman Strike of 1894, the United States Congress unanimously voted to approve legislation to make Labor Day a national holiday and President Grover Cleveland signed it into law a six days after the end of the strike. Cleveland supported the creation of the national holiday in an attempt to shore up support among trade unions following the Pullman Strike.〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=Brendan I. Koerner )〕 The date of May 1 (an ancient European holiday known as May Day) was an alternative date, celebrated then and now as International Workers Day, but president Cleveland was concerned that observance of Labor Day on May 1 would encourage Haymarket-style protests and strengthen socialist and anarchist movements that, though distinct from one another, had rallied to commemorate the Haymarket Affair in International Workers' Day.〔〔Sally Kohn (September 1, 2014). (Why Labor Day was a political move ). ''CNN.'' Retrieved September 1, 2014.〕 All U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and the United States territories have made it a statutory holiday. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Labor Day」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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